A Ayyubid Dynasty was founded by Saladin (Salah ah-Din), who, by owning his uncle Shirkuh, conquered Egypt for the Zengid King Nur ad-Din of Damascus in 1169. Within 1171, Saladin deposed the endure Fatimid Caliph, but he bit by bit became alienated from either his previous master. After Nur ed-Daround died in 1174, Saladin declared war against his young boy, As-Salih Ismail, and appropriated Damascus. Ismail fled to Aleppo, inside which he continued to resist Saladin until his execution in 1181. Fallowing this, Saladwithin seized control of a interior of the integrality of Syria, & possibly conquered the Jezireh in Northern Iraq. His greatest accomplishment, though, was his kill of the Crusader States at the Battle of Hattin and conquest of Jerusalem in 1187. Saladwithin died in 1193, shortly after signing the pact using Richard I of England which restored a coastal strip from either Ascalon to Antioch to Crusader control.

As punishment Saladin's dying, his sons roughshod to squabbling above a section of the Empire, until around 1200 Saladin's brother, Al-Adil, succeeded in securing control all over a altogether empire. A equivalent run repeated at Al-Adil's dying inside 1218, and at his boy Al-Kamil's death in 1238, but the Ayyubid state as a whole remained fairly strong. Around 1250 Turanshah, the endure Ayyubid Sultan of Egypt, was murdered & replaced by his Mamluk slave-general Aibek, who founded a Bahri dynasty.

A Ayyubids lingered inside in Syria for some other decade years, while it fell to the Mongols.

Ayyubid Sultans of Egypt
Saladin 1171-1193 Al-Aziz 1193-1198 Al-Mansur 1198-1200 Al-Adil I 1200-1218 Al-Kamil 1218-1238 Al-Adil II 1238-1240 As-Salih Ayyub 1240-1249 Turanshah 1249-1250 Al-Ashraf II 1250-1254 (nominally, actually the Mamluk Aibek ruled)

Ayyubid Sultans of Damascus
Saladin 1174-1193 Al-Afdal 1193-1196 Al-Adil I 1196-1218 Al-Mu'azzam 1218-1227 An-Nasir Dawud 1227-1229 Al-Ashraf 1229-1237 As-Salih Ismail 1237 Al-Kamil 1237-1238 Al-Adil II 1238-1239 As-Salih Ayyub 1239 When-Salih Ismail (Second period) 1239-1245 When-Salih Ayyub (2d instance) 1245-1249 Turanshah 1249-1250 An-Nasir Yusuf 1250-1260

Ayyubid Emirs of Aleppo
Al-Adil I 1183-1186 Az-Zahir 1186-1216 Al-Aziz 1216-1236 An-Nasir Yusuf 1236-1260

Ayyubid Emirs of Hamah
Al-Muzaffar I 1178-1191 Al-Mansur I 1191-1221 Al-Nasir 1221-1229 Al-Muzaffar 1229-1244 Al-Mansur II 1244-1284 Al-Muzaffar III 1284-1299 Al-Muayyad 1310-1332 Al-Afdal 1332-1334

Ayyubid Emirs of Homs
Al-Qahir 1178-1186 Al-Mujahid 1186-1240 Al-Mansur 1240-1246 Al-Ashraf 1248-1263

Ayyubid Emirs of Yemen
Al-Mu'azzam Turanshah 1173-1181 Al-Aziz Tughtegin 1181-1197 Muizz ud-Din Ismail 1197-1202 An-Nasir Ayyub 1202-1214 Al-Muzaffar Sulaiman 1214-1215 Al-Mas'ud Yusuf 1215-1229

Ayyubid Rulers of the Jezireh
Al-Ashraf 1218-1237 (uncomplete)